The current financial crisis has generated many problems in different areas of human relations, especially in the field of employment. The main participant affected by this negative process is the youth. It is the most active component of the society: young people are better suited to implement innovative projects and technologies in various fields, they are the carriers of new knowledge and ideas, they are mobile and full of energy for building their own lives.
Generally, the younger generation is better able to adapt to current conditions and to dive into the modern economic system than the older generation. The younger generation is a major factor in the sustainable development of any country and, for the most part, - the driving force of the fundamental changes in any society. Youth is the main engine of a worthy future, the main strategic resource of a country.
One should remember that the youth, as a social group, has a number of features. Firstly, young people are characterized by a lack of guidance and life experience, which increases the likelihood of mistakes in making responsible decisions; secondly, youth is not always included in socio-economic relations; thirdly, they have their own goals and interests, which do not always coincide with the goals and interests of the society.
Among young people under 30 years of age, 48% are employed in labor activity, 6% are unemployed, 46% are economically inactive. In the economically inactive population, 72% are students and students, 15% are household workers.
Young people under the age of 18 are actively entering the labor market, thereby replenishing the ranks of unemployed people. By the age of 25-29, they already know what they want, gradually approaching their goals and making professional choices. Most often, at this age, people already have their own families and, therefore, their requirements for their future work are quite high.
On the modern labor market, young people are faced with some employment problems: the lack of the required experience, the difficulty of obtaining this experience; the problem of imbalance of supply and demand in the labor market; the problem of the lack of jobs in a particular specialty.
However, faced with the problem of employment, the young specialists are in no hurry to seek help from the state, the opinion that one can get a better job via acquaintances is still very popular. Another reason for the unwillingness to appeal to the state is the paperwork problems in such structures.
The labor market for young people is a kind of closed niche. Getting through is becoming increasingly difficult, making youth unemployment also increase. First of all, this is due to the fact that the competitiveness of the youth, in comparison with other categories of the population, is lower, because of their lack of work experience. The younger generation is the part of society that has only recently completed their vocational training.
An analysis of changes over the past 15 years indicates that the number of young people of working age and the potential student population is generally decreasing. In addition, the proportion of young people who do not want to continue their studies after graduating from high school and going directly to the labor market is also growing.
That is why any country should think about the development of policies to attract youth to the labor market. The main goals of the youth employment policy should be the following: the creation of requisites for an informed choice of the profession and a place of work, taking into account the youth’s abilities and characteristics; the maximum statal guarantee of the employment of graduates at the start of their working life; the provision of opportunities to work, for those students who want to work in their free time; the development of vocational training and retraining; the creation of conditions for enhancing the process of youth self-employment and the development of youth entrepreneurship.